As the lack of intra-domain ping-pong handoff mechanism in the existing predictive FMIPv6 may lead to mass costs for remote registration and system communications

this paper proposes an FHMIPv6-based ping-pong handoff optimization scheme

in which HMIPv6 is introduced into FMIPv6.Analytical results indicate that

compared with FHMIPv6

the proposed scheme in the ping-pong handoff mode can effectively reduce time delay and packet loss and further improve throughput.