In this paper

the mathematical model for Optical Fiber Composite Low-Voltage Cable（OPLC）temperature distribution and transmission loss is established considering the effect of temperature change on the transmission performance of OPLC.The model also considers the distribution characteristics of the temperature field of the cable and the difference in the stress expansion caused by different coefficients of expansion of the material.Based on the proposed model

a simulation model of physical field coupling including electric field

light field

temperature field and stress field is designed.Using finite element numerical analysis method and COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software

we analyze the temperature characteristics and light unit transmission loss characteristics of OPLC under steady state and short circuit fault conditions.The simulation results show that the temperature distribution and transmission loss of OPLC are basically consistent with the theoretical calculations in the stable operation state and short-circuit fault state.The optical fiber transmission loss caused by the short-circuit fault shows a steady attenuation trend

which can be neglected in the engineering.