复合绝缘子表面异常发热点识别方法

刘垚

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2024.230087

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复合绝缘子表面异常发热点识别方法

光纤光缆技术与应用 | 更新时间：2024-12-05

- 复合绝缘子表面异常发热点识别方法
- Method for Identifying Abnormal Hot Spots on the Surface of Composite Insulators
- 光通信研究 2024年第6期页码：23008701-23008706
- 作者机构：
  
  国网宁夏电力有限公司，银川　750000
- 作者简介：
  
  刘垚，高级工程师。E-mail：egaisi1@163.com。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2024.230087
  中图分类号： TM930
- 纸质出版日期：2024-12-10，
  
  收稿日期：2023-08-08，
  
  修回日期：2023-09-21，
- 稿件说明：
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刘垚. 复合绝缘子表面异常发热点识别方法[J]. 光通信研究，2024(6):230087.

Liu Y. Method for Identifying Abnormal Hot Spots on the Surface of Composite Insulators [J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2024(6):230087.
刘垚. 复合绝缘子表面异常发热点识别方法[J]. 光通信研究，2024(6):230087. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2024.230087.

Liu Y. Method for Identifying Abnormal Hot Spots on the Surface of Composite Insulators [J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2024(6):230087. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2024.230087.

摘要

【目的】

为了避免复合绝缘子热故障造成的高压输电线路运行风险，文章研究了复合绝缘子表面异常发热点识别的方法。

【方法】

文章分析了电流发热型、电压发热型以及综合发热型3种复合绝缘子表面异常发热形式，基于分析结果，利用光纤光栅集中测温技术，将光纤光栅传感器布设于复合绝缘子附近，采用光纤光栅集中测温单元计算相应波长偏移量及温度变化值，将变化值经数字信号处理单元解析后，生成复合绝缘子热图像。之后，文章使用最大类间方差法分割复合绝缘子热图像，计算复合绝缘子热图像的平均灰度，获取最优阈值划分复合绝缘子热图像中的像素。根据复合绝缘子热图像分割结果，利用像素统计方法，统计复合绝缘子分割图像横向的行像素点，划分复合绝缘子结构区域。依据带电设备热图像诊断应用规范，结合光纤光栅集中测温原理，将光纤光栅传感器采集的复合绝缘子热图像以伪彩色呈现复合绝缘子表面温度分布情况。最后，通过目标图像各结构区域间的温度关系，实现复合绝缘子表面异常发热点的识别。

【结果】

实验结果表明，该方法能够准确测量复合绝缘子表面任意点温度，最大均方根误差仅为1.39%；能有效划分复合绝缘子分割图像的结构区域，各结构之间分界明显，不存在重合现象。

【结论】

使用文章所提方法识别高压输电线路上不同区域的复合绝缘子表面异常发热点的性能均较为理想，复合绝缘子结构区域划分效果较为优良。

Abstract

【Objective】

To avoid the operational risk of high-voltage transmission lines caused by thermal faults of composite insulators

a method for identifying abnormal hot spots on the surface of composite insulators is studied.

【Methods】

Three types of abnormal surface heating forms of composite insulators

current heating type

voltage heating type

and comprehensive heating type

are analyzed. Based on the analysis results

the fiber Bragg grating centralized temperature measurement technology is used to deploy the fiber Bragg grating sensor near the composite insulator. The fiber optic dispersion centralized temperature measurement unit is used to calculate the corresponding wavelength offset and temperature change value. After being analyzed by the digital signal processing unit

the thermal image of the composite insulator is generated. Using the maximum inter class variance method to segment the thermal image of composite insulators

the average gray level of the thermal image of composite insulators is calculated

and the optimal threshold to partition the pixels in the thermal image of composite insulators is obtained. Based on the thermal image segmentation results of composite insulators

pixel statistical methods are used to calculate the horizontal row pixel points of the composite insulator segmentation image and divide the structural area of the composite insulator. According to the application specification of thermal image diagnosis for live equipment and the principle of fiber grating centralized temperature measurement

the thermal image of composite insulator collected by the fiber grating sensor is displayed in pseudo color to show the surface temperature distribution of composite insulator. The abnormal hot spots on the surface of composite insulators are identified through the temperature relationship among various structural regions of the target image.

【Results】

The experimental results show that this method can accurately measure the temperature of any point on the surface of composite insulators

and the maximum Root-mean-square deviation is only 1.39%. It is shown that the proposed method can effectively divide the structural regions of composite insulator segmentation images

with clear boundaries between each structure and no overlap phenomenon.

【Conclusion】

The recognition performance of abnormal hot spots on the surface of composite insulators in different areas of high-voltage transmission lines is relatively ideal

and the division effect of composite insulator structure areas is relatively good.

关键词

光纤光栅集中测温复合绝缘子异常发热点最大类间方差像素统计

Keywords

fiber bragg gratingcentralized temperature measurementcomposite insulatorabnormal hot spotmaximum interclass variancepixel statistics

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