海底光缆路由与埋深磁异常探测技术研究

沈振余; 黄莉莺; 胡毅; 刘伯然; 王立明; 全义; 宋晓云

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250296

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海底光缆路由与埋深磁异常探测技术研究

光纤光缆技术 | 更新时间：2026-10-21

- 海底光缆路由与埋深磁异常探测技术研究
- Research on Detection Technology of Magnetic Anomalies for Submarine Cable Routing and Burial Depth
- 光通信研究 2026年第5期页码：112-119
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国移动通信集团福建有限公司　厦门分公司，福建　厦门　361008
  2.自然资源部第三海洋研究所，福建　厦门　361005
  3.山东志留纪勘测设计有限公司，济南　250101
  4.中国海洋大学，山东　青岛　266000
- 作者简介：
  
  沈振余（1980-），男，浙江瑞安人。工程师，本科，主要研究方向为海底光缆与光纤传感。
  胡毅，正高级工程师。E-mail：huyi@tio.org.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  福建省科技计划引导性资助项目(2022Y0070);厦门市自然科学基金资助项目(3502Z202573091)
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250296
  中图分类号： TN929
- 收稿：2025-09-06，
  
  修回：2025-10-10，
  
  纸质出版：2026-10-10
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
沈振余，黄莉莺，胡毅，等. 海底光缆路由与埋深磁异常探测技术研究[J]. 光通信研究，2026(5): 112-119.

Shen Z Y, Huang L Y, Hu Y, et al. Research on Detection Technology of Magnetic Anomalies for Submarine Cable Routing and Burial Depth[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(5): 112-119.
沈振余，黄莉莺，胡毅，等. 海底光缆路由与埋深磁异常探测技术研究[J]. 光通信研究，2026(5): 112-119. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250296.

Shen Z Y, Huang L Y, Hu Y, et al. Research on Detection Technology of Magnetic Anomalies for Submarine Cable Routing and Burial Depth[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(5): 112-119. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250296.

摘要

目的

针对近浅海无中继海底光缆因信号微弱、难以定量探测的难题，文章提出一种基于主动源磁异常探测方法，实现对平面路由与埋设深度的精确探测。

方法

通过在光缆铠装层施加直流电以主动增强磁异常信号。首先利用各向异性标准化方差边界探测（Normalized anisotropy variance-Edge detection，NAV-Edge）技术识别异常，再采用低秩矩阵分解法进行位场分离，以精确提取目标体信号；最后结合磁化率反演与Euler反褶积方法，对目标位置和深度进行联合反演计算。以厦门嵩鼓海缆为实例，采用G-882SX海洋磁力梯度系统进行探测验证。

结果

实验结果表明，施加5 A直流电可产生约140 nT的磁异常幅值差异，信号强度显著提升，且光缆传输性能未受影响。该方法可实现厘米级探测精度，平面定位平均均方根误差小于10 cm，埋深反演平均误差小于0.1 m，与实际施工数据高度吻合。

结论

本研究形成了一套完整的、针对无中继海缆的磁异常探测技术流程，有效解决了传统探测手段的局限性，具有高效、准确、成本低和工程安全性好的显著优势，为近浅海区域海底光缆的维护与管理提供了可靠的技术支撑，应用前景广阔。

Abstract

Objective

Addressing the challenge of quantitatively detecting unrepeatered submarine optical cables in near-shallow sea areas due to their weak intrinsic signals

this study aims to propose a novel method based on active-source magnetic anomaly detection for accurate and quantitative assessment of their planar routes and burial depths.

Methods

The core of this method involves actively enhancing the magnetic anomaly signal by applying a 5A direct current to the cable's armored layer. Firstly

the Normalized Anisotropy Variance-Edge detection (NAV-Edge) technology is employed to identify anomalies. Subsequently

the low-rank matrix decomposition method is used for potential field separation to precisely extract the target body's signal. Finally

the target's location and depth are jointly inverted by combining magnetic susceptibility inversion and Euler deconvolution. The Gulangyu to Songyu Submarine Cable in Xiamen served as a case study

detected using a G-882SX marine magnetic gradiometer system.

Results

Experiments demonstrated that applying a 5A direct current could generate a magnetic anomaly amplitude difference of approximately 140 nT

significantly enhancing the signal strength without affecting the cable's transmission performance. Detection results confirmed that this method achieves centimeter-level accuracy

with an average root mean square error for planar positioning of less than 10 cm and an average burial depth inversion error of less than 0.1 m

showing high consistency with actual construction data.

Conclusion

This study establishes a complete technical process for magnetic anomaly detection specifically tailored for unrepeatered submarine cables. The method effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional detection approaches

offering significant advantages including high efficiency

accuracy

low cost

and operational safety. It provides reliable technical support for the maintenance and management of submarine optical cables in near-shallow sea areas

indicating broad application prospects.

关键词

Keywords

references

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