基于微纳结构的红外兼容多波段隐身：原理、现状及挑战

成龚芸; 潘丹宁; 王浩强; 雷蕾

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250320

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基于微纳结构的红外兼容多波段隐身：原理、现状及挑战

专题：纪念创刊50周年 | 更新时间：2025-12-25

- 基于微纳结构的红外兼容多波段隐身：原理、现状及挑战
- Micro-Nano Structured Multispectral Stealth with Infrared Compatibility: Principles, Status, and Challenges
- 光通信研究 2025年第6期
- 作者机构：
  
  a.深圳大学　射频异质异构集成全国重点实验室，深圳　518060
  b.深圳大学　光电子器件与系统教育部/广东省重点实验室，深圳　518060
  c.深圳大学　物理与光电工程学院，深圳　518060
- 作者简介：
  
  成龚芸（2000-），女，湖北武汉人。硕士，主要研究方向为超材料隐身器件。
  潘丹宁（2001-），女，广西钦州人。硕士，主要研究方向为超材料隐身器件。
  王浩强，助理教授。E-mail：hqwang@szu.edu.cn。
  雷蕾，副教授。E-mail：leilei@szu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(62522512;62475162;62405198);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2024A1515011802);深圳大学重大科研仪器培育资助项目(2024YQ005);深圳大学青年教师科研启动资助项目(RC20240183)
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250320
  中图分类号： TN929
- 收稿：2025-09-30，
  
  修回：2025-10-29，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-10
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
成龚芸，潘丹宁，王浩强，等. 基于微纳结构的红外兼容多波段隐身：原理、现状及挑战[J]. 光通信研究，2025(6): 250320.

Cheng G Y, Pan D N, Wang H Q, et al. Micro-Nano Structured Multispectral Stealth with Infrared Compatibility: Principles, Status, and Challenges[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2025(6): 250320.
成龚芸，潘丹宁，王浩强，等. 基于微纳结构的红外兼容多波段隐身：原理、现状及挑战[J]. 光通信研究，2025(6): 250320. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250320.

Cheng G Y, Pan D N, Wang H Q, et al. Micro-Nano Structured Multispectral Stealth with Infrared Compatibility: Principles, Status, and Challenges[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2025(6): 250320. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250320.

摘要

随着红外和雷达探测技术的飞速发展及其与可见光和激光等探测手段的融合，战场目标的生存环境日益严峻，发展多波段兼容隐身技术具有重大战略意义。传统涂层材料通常仅在特定波段具备低发射率特性，缺乏光谱选择性，难以满足多波段兼容隐身的应用需求。近年来，基于多响应模式融合的光学微结构为实现光谱的精准调控提供了新的途径，通过逼近理想光谱响应，有望在多个目标波段实现有效隐身。文章系统梳理并评述了多波段隐身技术的最新研究进展：首先阐述了基于干涉与谐振原理的电磁吸收调控机制，及其在可见光、红外与微波等波段的隐身机理与实现路径；进而剖析了多波段兼容隐身结构的设计策略，针对传统正向设计计算复杂度高和优化效率低的局限性，重点探讨了智能逆向设计在实现光谱精准匹配与结构优化中的关键作用；接着，面向复杂环境背景下的隐身需求，重点分析了基于相变材料、液晶和石墨烯等新型功能材料赋能的自适应动态调控隐身技术；最后，对多波段隐身技术的未来进行了探讨与展望。

Abstract

The rapid advancement of infrared and radar detection technologies and their integration with visible light

laser

and other detection methods

the survivability of battlefield targets is facing increasing challenges. Consequently

the development of multispectral compatible stealth technology holds significant strategic significance. Traditional coating materials

typically exhibiting low emissivity only in specific bands and lacking spectral selectivity

struggle to meet the demands of multispectral stealth applications. In recent years

optical microstructures based on the fusion of multi-response modes have provided a novel pathway for precise spectral manipulation

showing great potential for achieving effective stealth across multiple target bands by approaching the ideal spectral response. This review systematically investigates the latest research progress of multispectral stealth technology. It begins by elucidating the electromagnetic absorption regulation mechanisms based on interference and resonance principles

along with their corresponding stealth mechanisms and implementation pathways in the visible

infrared

and microwave bands. Subsequently

it analyzes the design strategies for multispectral compatible stealth structures. To address the limitations in traditional forward design

such as high computational complexity and low optimization efficiency

this review highlights the pivotal role of intelligent reverse design in achieving precise spectral matching and structural optimization. Furthermore

focusing on the requirements for stealth in complex and variable environmental backgrounds

it provides an in-depth analysis of adaptive and dynamically tunable stealth technologies enabled by novel functional materials such as phase-change materials

liquid crystals

and graphene. Finally

the review discusses future prospects and outlines development directions for multispectral stealth technology.

关键词

Keywords

references

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