基于混合天线的太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议

任智; 叶太林; 张平喜; 陈虹林

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250277

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基于混合天线的太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议

专题：面向6G的无线光通信 | 更新时间：2026-04-20

- 基于混合天线的太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议
- MAC Protocol for Terahertz WLANs based on Hybrid Antenna
- 光通信研究 2026年第2期
- 作者机构：
  
  重庆邮电大学　通信与信息工程学院，重庆　400065
- 作者简介：
  
  任智（1971-），男，四川内江人。教授，博士，主要研究方向为太赫兹局域网MAC协议。
  叶太林，硕士。E-mail：429141795@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(61971080)
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250277
  中图分类号： TN929
- 收稿：2025-08-12，
  
  修回：2025-08-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-10
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
任智，叶太林，张平喜，等. 基于混合天线的太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议[J]. 光通信研究，2026(2): 250277.

Ren Z, Ye T L, Zhang P X, et al. MAC Protocol for Terahertz WLANs based on Hybrid Antenna[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(2): 250277.
任智，叶太林，张平喜，等. 基于混合天线的太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议[J]. 光通信研究，2026(2): 250277. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250277.

Ren Z, Ye T L, Zhang P X, et al. MAC Protocol for Terahertz WLANs based on Hybrid Antenna[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(2): 250277. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250277.

摘要

目的

太赫兹无线局域网（WLAN）在现代通信中具有突出价值，但其性能提升长期受限于介质访问控制（MAC）协议设计。为了解决大规模场景下现有太赫兹WLAN网络协议中存在的信道时间分配时段（CTAP）波束训练控制开销大以及竞争接入时段（CAP）由于节点数量过多导致的入网及时隙申请帧易碰撞等问题，文章提出了一种基于混合天线的太赫兹WLAN MAC协议（HA-MAC）。

方法

文章所提协议首先根据节点设备（DEV）与微微网协调器（PNC）之间的距离对DEV进行分级，为该协议后续机制奠定基础；其次，通过基于混合天线的多节点分级冲突避免机制，不同DEV按级别分配相应天线模式执行入网和时隙申请，并利用全向天线模式实现监听退避机制，以降低CAP的帧碰撞率；最后，设计了基于混合天线的快速波束赋形机制，使节点按源或目的DEV级别采用不同天线模式进行波束赋形，以减少波束赋形训练的控制开销。

结果

基于VRNET软件的仿真验证表明，HA-MAC在网络吞吐量、数据平均时延和波束赋形控制开销等关键性能指标上与现有MAC协议相比均有一定的优化。

结论

由仿真结果可知，文章所提协议可行，且能有效提高太赫兹WLAN的网络性能，并对未来大规模场景的局域网环境具有实际应用价值。

Abstract

Objective

Terahertz Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) hold prominent value in modern communications

but their performance improvement has been constrained by the design of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. To address the issues existing in current terahertz WLAN protocols under large-scale scenarios

such as high control overhead of beam training in the Channel Time Allocation Period (CTAP) and frequent collisions of network access and time slot request frames in the Contention Access Period (CAP) due to excessive node counts

this paper proposes a Hybrid Antenna-based MAC Protocol for Terahertz WLAN (HA-MAC).

Methods

The protocol first classifies Device (DEV) nodes based on their distance from the PicoNet Coordinator (PNC)

laying the foundation for subsequent mechanisms of the protocol. Secondly

through a hybrid antenna-based multi-node hierarchical collision avoidance mechanism

different DEVs are assigned corresponding antenna modes (omnidirectional or directional) according to their levels to perform network access and time slot application operations. Meanwhile

the omnidirectional antenna mode is utilized to implement a listening and backoff mechanism

aiming to reduce the frame collision rate in the CAP. Finally

a hybrid antenna-based fast beamforming mechanism is designed

enabling nodes to adopt different antenna modes for beamforming according to the levels of source or destination DEVs

thereby reducing the control overhead of beamforming training.

Results

The simulation results based on VRNET software shows that HA-MAC achieves certain optimizations in key performance indicators such as network throughput

average data delay

and beamforming control overhead compared with existing MAC protocols.

Conclusion

The simulation results indicate that the proposed protocol is feasible and can effectively improve the network performance of terahertz WLAN

showing practical application value for future large-scale local area network environments.

关键词

Keywords

references

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