Research on Probabilistic Shaping of Spiral Constellations in Visible Light Communication

GUO Xinyue; WANG Yue; YANG Yufan

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.260053

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Research on Probabilistic Shaping of Spiral Constellations in Visible Light Communication

更新时间：2026-04-20

- Research on Probabilistic Shaping of Spiral Constellations in Visible Light Communication
- Study on Optical Communications Issue 2, (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  上海理工大学　光电信息与计算机工程学院，上海　200093
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.260053
  CLC： TN929
- Received：14 February 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-02，
  
  Published：10 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
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郭心悦，王玥，杨宇帆. 可见光通信中的概率整形螺旋星座研究[J]. 光通信研究，2026(2): 260053.

Guo X Y, Wang Y, Yang Y F. Research on Probabilistic Shaping of Spiral Constellations in Visible Light Communication[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(2): 260053.
郭心悦，王玥，杨宇帆. 可见光通信中的概率整形螺旋星座研究[J]. 光通信研究，2026(2): 260053. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.260053.

Guo X Y, Wang Y, Yang Y F. Research on Probabilistic Shaping of Spiral Constellations in Visible Light Communication[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(2): 260053. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.260053.

摘要

目的

可见光通信（VLC）作为一种利用可见光波段实现信息传输的无线通信技术，兼具照明与通信双重功能，具有频谱资源丰富、无电磁干扰、安全性高和成本低等优势，被认为是第六代移动通信技术（6G）时代射频通信的重要补充。在VLC系统中，发光二极管（LED）的非线性失真是限制系统性能的关键因素。

方法

螺旋星座是一种近似圆形的星座结构，具有非常优越的抗非线性性能，在与概率整形（PS）技术结合后，其性能可得到进一步提升。然而，螺旋星座中各个星座点的幅值互不相同，使得遵循麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼（MB）分布的PS信号所对应的概率类型过多，PS信号生成的复杂度极高。为此，文章针对64阶螺旋星座提出了一种PS螺旋星座方案。该方案依据螺旋星座结构对星座点进行分组，同一组内星座点被赋予相同的幅值，因此对应的星座点概率也相同。

结果

文章所提方案不仅大幅降低了PS信号生成的复杂度，同时因具有更低的峰均功率比（PAPR），抗非线性性能也更优。实验结果表明，与传统的方形PS 64正交振幅调制（QAM）和采用64种概率的PS螺旋星座方案相比，当LED工作在非线性区域时，文章所提PS螺旋星座的归一化广义互信息（NGMI）性能优势明显，且电压峰峰值（Vpp）的动态工作范围也更大。

结论

该研究结果对工作于大功率工况下的VLC系统具有重要意义，可为其性能优化与实际应用提供理论参考与技术支撑。

Abstract

Objective

Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a wireless communication technology that uses the visible light band for signal transmission

integrating both lighting and communication functions. It has advantages such as abundant spectrum resources

freedom from electromagnetic interference

high security

and low cost. It is regarded as an important supplement to radio frequency communication in the 6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (6G) era. In VLC systems

the nonlinear distortion of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is a key factor limiting system performance.

Methods

The spiral constellation is an approximately circular constellation structure with excellent nonlinear resistance. Its performance can be further improved when combined with Probabilistic Shaping (PS) technology. However

the amplitudes of each constellation point in the spiral constellation are different

resulting in an excessive number of probability types for PS signals following the Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB) distribution

which leads to extremely high complexity in PS signal generation. To address this issue

a PS spiral constellation scheme for the 64-order spiral constellation is proposed in this paper. The scheme groups constellation points according to the spiral constellation structure. The constellation points in the same group are assigned the same amplitude

thus corresponding to the same probability.

Results

The proposed scheme not only significantly reduces the complexity of PS signal generation but also achieves better nonlinear resistance due to a lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR). Experimental results show that

compared with the conventional square PS 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and the PS spiral constellation scheme using 64 probabilities

when the LED operates in the nonlinear region

the proposed PS spiral constellation exhibits obvious advantages in Normalized Generalized Mutual Information (NGMI) performance and also has a wider dynamic operating range of Peak-to-Peak Voltage (Vpp) value.

Conclusion

The results are of great significance for visible light communication systems operating under high-power conditions

and can provide theoretical references and technical support for their performance optimization and practical applications.

关键词

Keywords

references

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