Investigation of OOTFS with Hybrid-Mode Dual-Domain Index Modulation

WANG Zhen; WANG Huiqin; TANG Qihan; CHEN Dan; PENG Qingbin; CAO Minghua

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250382

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Investigation of OOTFS with Hybrid-Mode Dual-Domain Index Modulation

更新时间：2026-04-20

- Investigation of OOTFS with Hybrid-Mode Dual-Domain Index Modulation
- Study on Optical Communications Issue 2, (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.兰州理工大学　计算机与人工智能学院，兰州　730050
  2.西安理工大学　自动化与信息工程学院，西安　710048
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250382
  CLC： TN929
- Received：16 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-01-06，
  
  Published：10 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王真，王惠琴，唐崎涵，等. 混合模双域索引调制OOTFS系统研究[J]. 光通信研究，2026(2): 250382.

Wang Z, Wang H Q, Tang Q H, et al. Investigation of OOTFS with Hybrid-Mode Dual-Domain Index Modulation[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(2): 250382.
王真，王惠琴，唐崎涵，等. 混合模双域索引调制OOTFS系统研究[J]. 光通信研究，2026(2): 250382. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250382.

Wang Z, Wang H Q, Tang Q H, et al. Investigation of OOTFS with Hybrid-Mode Dual-Domain Index Modulation[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2026(2): 250382. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2026.250382.

摘要

目的

光正交时频空（OOTFS）是近年来极具潜力的新型光多载波传输技术。通过引入索引调制（IM），OOTFS可表现出更强的信道鲁棒性。然而，最近提出的联合时延-多普勒索引调制（JDDIM）方案在子帧频谱效率（SE）方面受限，难以满足灵活高效的传输需求，亟需设计一种更具SE潜力的新方案。

方法

鉴于此，文章提出了一种混合模双域索引调制（HMDDIM）方案。该方案通过引入模式组合与排列机制扩展了双域索引映射的自由度，有效提升了子帧SE。同时，文章还给出了方案的子帧SE计算表达式，并基于指数威布尔大气湍流信道模型，通过数值仿真对其与JDDIM方案的误码率（BER）性能进行了对比分析。

结果

仿真结果表明，文章所提方案在不同子帧阶数和模式配置下均能有效提升子帧SE。对于2阶子帧，文章所提方案可实现约14.29%~33.3%的子帧SE增益，而引入的信噪比（SNR）损失不超过1~3 dB，表现出较为均衡的可靠性与SE折中关系；对于4阶子帧，文章所提方案的子帧SE增益最高可达66.67%，但相应的SNR损失亦显著增大。进一步分析表明，在星座规模相同的条件下，调制阶数对SE增益和功率效率的影响存在明显差异。

结论

文章所提HMDDIM方案为OOTFS系统提供了一种灵活可调的SE增强手段，尤其适用于对SE具有较高需求且能容忍一定SNR损失的应用场景。

Abstract

Objective

Optical Orthogonal Time–Frequency Space (OOTFS) has recently emerged as a promising optical multicarrier transmission technique. By introducing Index Modulation (IM)

OOTFS can achieve enhanced channel robustness. However

the recently proposed Joint Delay-Doppler Index Modulation (JDDIM) scheme suffers from limited subframe Spectral Efficiency (SE)

which restricts its ability to support flexible and high-efficiency transmission. Therefore

it is highly desirable to develop a new scheme with greater SE enhancement capability.

Methods

In light of this

a Hybrid-Mode Dual-Domain Index Modulation (HMDDIM) scheme is proposed in this paper. By introducing flexible mode combination and permutation mechanisms

the proposed scheme expands the flexibility of dual-domain index mapping

thereby effectively improving subframe SE. In addition

a closed-form expression for subframe SE is derived. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with that of the JDDIM scheme through numerical simulations based on the Exponential Weibull atmospheric turbulence channel model.

Results

Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed HMDDIM scheme can effectively enhance subframe SE under various subframe orders and mode configurations. For second-order subframes

SE gains of approximately 14.29%~33.3% are achieved at the cost of less than 1~3 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) loss

indicating a well-balanced trade-off between reliability and SE. For fourth-order subframes

the maximum SE gain can reach up to 66.67% at the cost of a more pronounced increase in SNR loss. Further analysis reveals that

under the same constellation size

the modulation order plays a critical role in determining the trade-off between SE gain and power efficiency.

Conclusion

The proposed HMDDIM scheme provides a flexible and tunable approach for enhancing SE in OOTFS systems. It is particularly suitable for application scenarios that demand high SE and can tolerate a certain level of SNR degradation.

关键词

Keywords

references

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