Design and Implementation of an Integrated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Ranging System

WANG Jiale; ZHENG Kaiwen; LIAN Jie

doi:10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250133

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Design and Implementation of an Integrated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Ranging System

更新时间：2025-08-16

- Design and Implementation of an Integrated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Ranging System
- Study on Optical Communications Issue 4, (2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  西北工业大学　航海学院，西安　710072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250133
  CLC： TN929
- Received：07 April 2025，
  
  Revised：24 April 2025，
  
  Published：10 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
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王佳乐，郑凯文，廉杰. 水下无线光通信与测距一体化系统设计与实现[J]. 光通信研究，2025(4): 250133.

Wang J L, Zhen K W, Lian J. Design and Implementation of an Integrated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Ranging System[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2025(4): 250133.
王佳乐，郑凯文，廉杰. 水下无线光通信与测距一体化系统设计与实现[J]. 光通信研究，2025(4): 250133. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250133.

Wang J L, Zhen K W, Lian J. Design and Implementation of an Integrated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Ranging System[J]. Study on Optical Communications, 2025(4): 250133. DOI： 10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250133.

摘要

【目的】

随着海洋经济的迅速发展，水下物联网（IoT）面临着智能化和便捷化的迫切需求。传统通信与感知模块的分离导致设备体积庞大和成本高昂，制约了整体系统性能，从而促使通信与感知一体化（ISAC）系统，尤其是基于水下无线光通信（UWOC）的光学ISAC（OISAC）系统成为了当前研究热点。尽管OISAC系统具有高频谱利用率和低延迟的优势，但在实际应用中仍面临时钟同步及硬件实现的挑战。

【方法】

针对这些问题，文章提出了一种基于扩频信号的一体化双工水下光通信测距（OICAR）系统。文章采用扩频通信体制传输通信信息，这种通信方式能够有效地对抗发射光源和传输信道导致的信道衰落，保证了通信信息的成功传输。同时，文章在双工扩频信号码片中添加时间戳信息，利用主从机时间戳信息、扩频码自相关特性以及频率控制字（FCW），实现了异步收发机水下高精度测距。并且文章采用发光二极管（LED）阵列和现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）处理系统搭建了实时硬件实现系统，为水下OICAR系统的发展提供了硬件验证系统。

【结果】

随后，在拖曳水池对OICAR实时系统进行了通信与测距实验，验证了文章设计系统水下最远通信距离可达63.5 m，且测距精度保持在±0.25 m以内。

【结论】

这一结果表明，文章所设计OICAR系统能够实时实现高效的水下通信与精确测距功能。

Abstract

【Objective】

With the rapid development of the marine economy

the underwater Internet of Things (IoT) is facing urgent demands for intelligence and convenience. The separation of traditional communication and sensing modules has led to large device sizes and high costs

which restrict the overall system performance. This has spurred the development of Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems

especially Optical ISAC (OISAC) systems based on Underwater Wireless Optical Communication (UWOC)

which have become a current research hotspot. Although OISAC systems offer the advantages of high spectral efficiency and low latency

they still face challenges in clock synchronization and hardware implementation in practical applications.

【Methods】

To address these issues

the paper proposes an Optical Integrated Communication and Ranging (OICAR) system based on spread-spectrum signals. The paper employs a spread-spectrum communication scheme to transmit communication information

which effectively combats channel fading caused by the transmitter light source and the transmission channel

thereby ensuring the successful transmission of communication information. Additionally

the paper incorporates timestamp information into the chips of the duplex spread-spectrum signals. By utilizing the timestamp information of the master and slave transceivers

the autocorrelation properties of the spread-spectrum code

and the Frequency Control Word (FCW)

the system achieves high-precision underwater ranging with asynchronous transceivers. Furthermore

the paper constructs a real-time hardware implementation system using Light Emitting Diode (LED) arrays and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) processing system

providing a hardware verification platform for the development of the underwater OICAR system.

【Results】

Communication and ranging experiments are conducted on the OICAR real-time system in a towing tank. Results demonstrate that the designed system achieves a maximum underwater communication distance of 63.5 m while maintaining ranging accuracy within ±0.25 m.

【Conclusion】

These findings indicate that the proposed OICAR system can realize efficient underwater communication and precise ranging functions in real time.

关键词

Keywords

references

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